Pitfalls in FPV

Pitfall’s in FPV Formal verification allows engineers to employ mathematical methods to catch bugs in the RTL description of designs at an early stage in the development process, but formal verification mistakes can reduce effectiveness. Formal verification tools find bugs by taking the RTL description and comparing it with an abstract, formal description of the …

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Safety vs Liveness properties in formal verification

Safety vs Liveness properties in formal verification Safety vs Liveness properties in formal verification are a crucial aspect of ensuring that digital systems behave as expected under all possible conditions.. It relies on specifying and verifying properties to ensure the correctness of a design. These properties act as formal statements that describe the expected behavior …

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Nondeterministic signals for complete and reliable design verification 

Nondeterministic signals for complete and reliable design verification Ensuring that the design under verification simulates all the possible scenarios using nondeterministic signals in formal verification is a challenging task. However, achieving this guarantees the completeness and correctness of the design. The state space of a design is the representation of all possible states that a …

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Formal Verification abstraction methodologies

Formal Verification abstraction methodologies Why end-to-end proofs? Abstraction techniques in formal verification are essential for managing complexity and enabling efficient end-to-end verification of modern RTL designs.The adoption of formal verification has been on the rise, driven by the performance improvements of formal tools and the increasing demand for exhaustive verification, for example, required by safety …

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Formal Scoreboarding for verifying data ordering and integrity

Formal Verification vs Simulation : Data ordering and integrity Formal scoreboarding is a powerful technique used in formal verification to ensure data ordering and integrity in digital designs. Verifying data transportation and movement through a digital design with basic I/O is often considered straightforward with simulation. This approach helps in capturing data losses and data …

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Startups as an excellent verification service provider 

Startups as an excellent verification service provider Why companies hesitate to work with startups It is natural for teams to worry about outsourcing to a smaller RTL verification services company. Lack of stability Uncertainty about expertise Limited resources Concerns about delivery capability However, these assumptions rarely reflect reality.In fact, semiconductor startups especially formal verification specialists …

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Formal Verification versus Simulation

Is simulation still a viable option for functional verification? Formal verification vs simulation is an important topic in modern digital design, ensuring that hardware systems behave as expected before they reach production. As designs grow in complexity, verification strategies must evolve to keep up with increasing requirements for reliability and efficiency. Among the available techniques, simulation …

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How to avoid ASIC & IC re-spins with formal verification

Avoid digital ASIC/IC re-spins using correct by construction formal verification The recent Wilson Research Group Functional Verification Study analyzed how verification nowadays influences the way ASIC/IC projects are managed. The numbers indicate that companies spent a majority of time and resources on IC verification. Verification Engineers spend 41% of their time debugging bugs. Half of those …

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Training Topics

  1. Abstraction vectors (time, functionality)
  2. AIP for protocols
  3. AIP orchestration
  4. BMC & IPG, invariants
  5. Codestyle
  6. Completeness
  7. Liveness property, safety property
  8. Non-determinism (abstraction technique)
  9. Response generation (abstraction technique)
  10. Scoreboard (abstraction technique)
  11. Signal cutting, blackboxing
  12. State space explosion and mitigation techniques
  13. SVA fundamentals
  14. Whitebox checking, blackbox checking, greybox checking
  15. Witness, vacuity, reachability

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